{"id":2443,"date":"2005-02-20T14:30:02","date_gmt":"2005-02-20T19:30:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sheilaomalley.com\/?p=2443"},"modified":"2015-05-17T07:08:59","modified_gmt":"2015-05-17T11:08:59","slug":"1781-the-required-end","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sheilaomalley.com\/?p=2443","title":{"rendered":"1781:  the required end"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><i>The following quote is pretty much why people were terrified of Alexander Hamilton.  To give you the proper context:  he was answering criticism from his former Federalist Paper collaborator James Madison that this proposed Bank of America was un-constitutional.  Hamilton had asked for a federal charter for the bank, Madison said there was nothing in the Constitution saying that the government should fund corporations.  Hamilton pointed out that the last article of the Constitution &#8211; the one about Congress being able to make &#8220;all laws which shall be necessary and proper&#8221; &#8211; He said that that article was sufficient evidence that a charter would be constitutional.<\/p>\n<p>BUT &#8211; the way Hamilton summed it all up was not calculated to assuage his enemies who feared his lust for power.  He wrote:<\/i><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Wherever the end is required, the means are authorized.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Okay, Machiavelli &#8211; whatever you say.  Hamilton went on:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>If the <i>end<\/i> be clearly comprehended within any of the specified powers, and if the measure have an obvious relation to that <i>end<\/i>, and is not forbidden by any particular provision of the Constitution, it may safely be deemed to come within the compass of the national authority.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>One interpretation here, and it&#8217;s my own:  Hamilton ended up being right about a lot of things (although his autocratic STYLE didn&#8217;t make him many friends)  &#8211; and one of the things I think he was right about was that he was really the first one to <i>challenge <\/i>the Constitution that he helped create and defend.  He was the first one to refuse to look at it as a rigid set-in-stone document, to be <i>obeyed<\/i>.  No.  It was to be USED, challenged.  It was not dead. It was to be a LIVING document.<\/p>\n<p>I suppose there are those out there who think I have just committed heresy myself.  Strict constructionists, and all that.  Whatever.  Room for all of us in this big country here.<\/p>\n<p>\n<iframe style=\"width:120px;height:240px;\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" src=\"\/\/ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/widgets\/q?ServiceVersion=20070822&#038;OneJS=1&#038;Operation=GetAdHtml&#038;MarketPlace=US&#038;source=ac&#038;ref=tf_til&#038;ad_type=product_link&#038;tracking_id=thesheivari-20&#038;marketplace=amazon&#038;region=US&#038;placement=0140444955&#038;asins=0140444955&#038;linkId=WD6XC4YAW3D6GF6M&#038;show_border=true&#038;link_opens_in_new_window=true\"><br \/>\n<\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The following quote is pretty much why people were terrified of Alexander Hamilton. To give you the proper context: he was answering criticism from his former Federalist Paper collaborator James Madison that this proposed Bank of America was un-constitutional. Hamilton &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sheilaomalley.com\/?p=2443\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[12],"tags":[33,174],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sheilaomalley.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2443"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sheilaomalley.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sheilaomalley.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sheilaomalley.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sheilaomalley.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2443"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.sheilaomalley.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2443\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":102083,"href":"https:\/\/www.sheilaomalley.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2443\/revisions\/102083"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sheilaomalley.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2443"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sheilaomalley.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2443"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sheilaomalley.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2443"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}